Fig. (3) Sequence of three thermodynamic soundings with notation similar to Fig. (1). Right side; sounding identical to Fig. (1) for a location over Western Sahara. Center; elevated Saharan mixed layer sounding for a location over the tropical Atlantic Ocean, showing the dust layer overlying the shallow marine boundary layer. The SAL base has been lifted but the top remains unaffected, as shown by the arrows. Left side; the layers in the center figure have experienced dynamic lifting at all levels -- (indicated by the arrows) -- upon encountering a baroclinic region: – a zone of deep horizontal temperature gradient. This results in extensive saturation at various levels and a decreased SAL depth due to condensation. Shading suggests relative concentration of dust in the SAL.