RESEARCH ARTICLE
Short and Long-Term Incidence of Tuberculosis and CD4-Cell Count Dynamic on HAART in Senegal
Etard Jean- François*, 1, Diouf Assane2, De Beaudrap Pierre1, 3, Koivugui Akoi3, Ngom-Guèye Ndèye Fatou4, Ndiaye Ibrahima2, Ecochard René3, Sow Papa Salif2, Delaporte Eric1
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2009Volume: 3
First Page: 63
Last Page: 70
Publisher ID: TOAIDJ-3-63
DOI: 10.2174/1874613600903010063
Article History:
Received Date: 26/5/2009Revision Received Date: 11/8/2009
Acceptance Date: 15/9/2009
Electronic publication date: 31/12/2009
open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
Abstract
Objectives: Estimate tuberculosis (TB) incidence among patients receiving HAART. Compare the dynamic of the CD4-cell count and viral load before notification of the TB with the dynamic among patients remaining free of TB.
Design: Prospective cohort with ascertainment of TB cases from medical records.
Methods: The first 404 adults HIV-1 infected patients enrolled in the Senegalese antiretroviral drug access initiative were eligible. CD4-cell and viral load were assessed at baseline and every 6 months. Patients receiving an antituberculosis treatment at HAART initiation were excluded from analysis. Any TB case notified after the first month of HAART was considered as an incident case. Follow-up was censored at death or at the last visit before March 31, 2008. CD4-cell trajectories until TB notification were compared to non-TB developers within two distinct periods: from HAART initiation to 24 months and after.
Results: Over 404 eligible patients, 352 were included in this analysis. Median follow-up reached 73 months and 1821 person-years were accrued. Half of the 42 incident cases were notified before month 19 of HAART yielding to an overall incident rate of 2.3/100 PY [1.7-3.1]. Annual incidence decreased with duration of HAART (trend in incidence: RR=0.26, p<10-4). During the first period, CD4-cell count dynamic of most TB patients was identical to the dynamic among patients remaining free of TB. Most cases of the second period occurred in a context of an immunological failure.
Conclusions: This study provides an estimate of TB incidence among patients on HAART in Senegal and supports two underlying mechanisms.
