CASE REPORT


Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae Septicemia and Urinary Tract Infection Associated with Renal Stone Disease



Marianne Stærk1, Sara A. Tolouee2, Jens J. Christensen1, 3, *
1 Department of Clinical Microbiology, Slagelse Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark
2 Department of Urology, Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark
3 Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark


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Creative Commons License
© 2018 Stærk et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Clinical Microbiology, Slagelse Hospital, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark; Tel: +4558559404; E-mail: jejc@regionsjaelland.dk


Abstract

Introduction:

Haemophilus influenzae commonly causes upper respiratory tract infections and has only rarely been reported etiology of urinary tract infections. Since the introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) vaccine, non-typable haemophilus species now cause the majority of invasive disease in Europe.

Case Report:

We report a case of an adult man with non-typable Haemophilus influenzae septicemia, urinary tract infection and bilateral renal stone disease. The patient presented with right sided flank pain and a CT scan showed bilateral renal stones and a right sided ureteral stone causing obstruction.

Results and Discussion:

Haemophilus influenzae was identified in blood and urine and despite a tendency of increasing antibiotic resistance among Haemophilus influenzae, our strain was susceptible to all antibiotics tested. Treatment consisted of 3 days of intravenous cefuroxime, insertion of a right sided JJ ureteric stent and 5 days of peroral ciprofloxacin after discharge. Physicians and microbiologists should be aware of Haemophilus influenzae as a possible urinary tract pathogen, especially when urinary tract abnormalities are present, and take the risk of antibiotic resistance into consideration at initial treatment.

Keywords: Hemophilus influenzae infection, Invasive disease, Urinary tract infection, Renal stones, Non-typable, Antibiotic resistance.