RESEARCH ARTICLE


Validation and Assessment of Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Among Iraqi General Population



Mohanad Naji Sahib*
Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Rafidain University College, Palestine street, 10052, Baghdad, Iraq


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Creative Commons License
© 2018 Mohanad Naji Sahib .

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Rafidain University College, Palestine street, 10052, Baghdad, Iraq; Tel: +00964-07723607555; E-mail: mohanad_pharm@yahoo.com


Abstract

Background:

Poor quality of life, fractures and disability are the consequences of preventable osteoporosis.

Objectives:

The aims of this study were to validate and assess Osteoporosis Self-efficacy Scale (OSES-A) Arabic version among Iraqi general population.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study with a random cluster sampling method from the community was used. Forward–backward-forward translation method was used to translate the questionnaire from English to Arabic. Beside OSES-A, Osteoporosis Knowledge Tool (OKT) and Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale (OHBS) Arabic versions were used to assess osteoporosis preventive behaviours.

Results:

The results showed good face validity and reliability. The construct validity showed two factors which explain 80.86% of the variance. In addition, the result showed low self-efficacy score (658.43±222.014) with 83.33% were found to have low OSES-A level. There were significant associations between age, gender, and self-reported osteoporosis with OSES-A levels. In addition, there were significant differences between age, gender, marital status, family history of osteoporosis, self-reported osteoporosis and osteoporosis diagnosis or screening in relation to total OSES-A scores. Moreover, there were positive correlations between the OSES-A total score with total knowledge and health belief. Multivariate analysis revealed that OKT levels, OHBS levels, age and gender were predictors for OSES-A levels.

Conclusion:

This study showed good cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of OSES-A tool and could be used in any osteoprotective educational program.

Keywords: Arabic, General population, Osteoporosis, Preventive behavior, Self-efficacy, Calcium, Vitamin D.