Feed Intake Patterns and Immediate Glycaemic and Insulinaemic Responses of Horses Following Ingestion of Different Quantities of Starch From Oat, Barley and Grains
Annette Zeyner1, *, Kristin Romanowski2, Aileen Orgis2, Andreas Vernunft2, 3, Jutta Gottschalk4, Almuth Einspanier4, Gabor Koeller5, Monika Wensch-Dorendorf6
1 Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Group Animal Nutrition, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
2 Chair for Nutritional Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
3 Institute of Reproductive Biology; Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
4 Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
5 Department of Large Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
6 Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Biometrics and Informatics in Agriculture Group, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
Abstract
Background:
Relevant literature indicate that more than 0.8 g starch/kg body weight from compounded feed composed of different starch sources induces disproportionate glycaemic and insulinaemic responses in horses.
Objective:
It should be investigated whether crushed oats, barley and maize also cause a disproportionate increase in plasma glucose and insulin when fed as the only concentrate in quantities equal to and above 0.8 g starch/kg body weight.
Method:
Four mares received hay plus oats, barley and maize, respectively, in quantities equal to 0.8, 1.0 and 2.0 g starch/kg body weight. At the test days, chewing parameters were detected and blood sampled before and 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after the concentrate meal. Plasma glucose and insulin were measured and areas under the curve were calculated.
Results:
Maize was ingested particularly slowly (dry matter basis; P < 0.05), but glycaemic and insulinaemic responses were particularly low (starch basis; P < 0.05). In general, the glycaemic responses were highest with 1 g starch/kg body weight (P < 0.05). The quantity of starch had no effect on the insulinaemic response (P > 0.05). A defined increase in plasma glucose induced the highest insulinaemic response with oat grains.
Conclusion:
Oats and barley are ingested faster and induce higher glycaemic and insulinaemic responses than maize. Until 120 min postprandial, elevated quantities of starch from these grains seem to induce no disproportionate or at least linear increase of plasma glucose and insulin. The insulinaemic response to a defined increase of plasma glucose is particularly pronounced with oats.
Keywords: Horse, Cereal grain, Starch, Glucose, Insulin, Feed intake, Chewing.
Article Information
Article History:
Received Date: 03/03/2017
Revision Received Date: 20/04/2017
Acceptance Date: 23/04/2017
Electronic publication date: 21/06/2017
Collection year: 2017
© 2017 Zeyner et al.
open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
* Address correspondence to this author at the Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Science, Group Animal Nutrition, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 11, D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany; Tel: ++49 (0)345 55-22716; fax: ++49 (0)345 55-27050; E-mail: annette.zeyner@landw.uni-halle.de
Open Peer Review Details |
Manuscript submitted on 03-03-2017 |
Original Manuscript |
Feed Intake Patterns and Immediate Glycaemic and Insulinaemic Responses of Horses Following Ingestion of Different Quantities of Starch From Oat, Barley and Grains |