RESEARCH ARTICLE
Death by Water: Precautionary Water Submersion for Intravitreal Injection of Retinoblastoma Eyes
Jasmine H Francis*, 1, Xiaoliang L Xu 2, Y. Pierre Gobin 3, Brian P Marr 1, 4, Scott E Brodie 5, David H Abramson 1, 4
3 Service of Interventional Neuroradiology, Departments of Neurosurgery, Neurology and Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College of New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
4 Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College of New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2014Volume: 8
First Page: 7
Last Page: 11
Publisher ID: TOOPHTJ-8-7
DOI: 10.2174/1874364101408010007
Article History:
Received Date: 7/11/2013Revision Received Date: 29/3/2014
Acceptance Date: 9/4/2014
Electronic publication date: 16/5/2014
Collection year: 2014
open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
Abstract
There is growing interest in intravitreal injections of chemotherapy for retinoblastoma. However, concerns for potential tumor seeding through the needle track has prompted the use of risk-reducing precautionary methods. Presented here is a novel technique, which can be easily replicated, requires minimal sophisticated equipment and with laboratory data supporting its concept. Sterile distilled water submersion for 3 minutes renders retinoblastoma cells nonviable and can be employed as a precautionary method following intravitreal injection in the technique described here.
Keywords: Cancer, chemotherapy, distilled water, fine needle aspiration, intravitreal injection, melphalan, retinoblastoma, water.
