RESEARCH ARTICLE


Basic Science Considerations in Primary Total Hip Replacement Arthroplasty



Saqeb B Mirza*, 1, Douglas G Dunlop2, Sukhmeet S Panesar3, Syed G Naqvi4, Shafat Gangoo5, Saif Salih6
1 Trauma and Orthopaedics, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
2 Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
3 National Patient Safety Agency, UK
4 Walsall Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
5 Weston General Hospital, UK
6 Avon Orthopaedic Centre, Bristol, UK


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Creative Commons License
© Mirza et al.; Licensee Bentham Open.

open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Trauma and Orthopaedics, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, 16 Catherine’s Gate, Haverfordwest, Pembs SA61 1NB, UK; E-mail: saqebmirza@yahoo.com


Abstract

Total Hip Replacement is one of the most common operations performed in the developed world today. An increasingly ageing population means that the numbers of people undergoing this operation is set to rise. There are a numerous number of prosthesis on the market and it is often difficult to choose between them. It is therefore necessary to have a good understanding of the basic scientific principles in Total Hip Replacement and the evidence base underpinning them. This paper reviews the relevant anatomical and biomechanical principles in THA. It goes on to elaborate on the structural properties of materials used in modern implants and looks at the evidence base for different types of fixation including cemented and uncemented components. Modern bearing surfaces are discussed in addition to the scientific basis of various surface engineering modifications in THA prostheses. The basic science considerations in component alignment and abductor tension are also discussed. A brief discussion on modular and custom designs of THR is also included. This article reviews basic science concepts and the rationale underpinning the use of the femoral and acetabular component in total hip replacement.

Keywords: Hip replacement, arthroplasty..