RESEARCH ARTICLE


Moving Backgrounds and Manual Control



Lawrence E. M. Grierson1, 2, *, Adam Dubrowski2, Andrea Mason3, Luc Proteau4, Heather Carnahan5
1 Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Canada
2 SickKids Learning Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
3 Department of Kinesiology, Unversity of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S.A
4 Départment de Kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
5 Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada


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Creative Commons License
© 2009 Grierson et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 550 University Ave. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 2A2; Tel: (416) 597-3422 x7852; E-mail: Grierson.Lawrence@torontorehab.on.ca


Abstract

Recent accounts describe the online control of goal directed movement as collaboration between processes of predictive forward-modeled control and spatiotemporally constrained feedback-driven control. Two experiments are presented that evaluate the impact background motion has on these two control processes. In each experiment, performers made aiming movements over backgrounds that translated in their peripheral visual field, their central visual field, or remained stationary. In Experiment 1 the background motion was away from the performer and in Experiment 2 the background motion was toward the performer. The results of the two studies provide some support for the notion that the two control processes can be isolated with manipulations unique to central and peripheral vision. The findings are discussed with respect to the problems inherent to independently evaluating forward-modeled and feedback derived control, as well as the omnipresent influence that a priori knowledge of the environmental context has on movement execution.

Keywords: Movement, feedback, motor control.