RESEARCH ARTICLE


Metabolic Factors in Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis – A Review of Clinical Data



Sruti Pillai , Geoffrey Littlejohn*
Departments of Rheumatology and Medicine, Monash Health and Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia


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Creative Commons License
© Pillai and Littlejohn; Licensee Bentham Open.

open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Suite H, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; Tel: 613 95942575; Fax: 613 95945588; E-mail: geoff.littlejohn@monash.edu


Abstract

Objectives:

We aimed to review the literature linking metabolic factors to Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH), in order to assess associations between growth factors and DISH.

Method:

We identified studies in our personal database and PubMed using the following keywords in various combinations: “diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis”, “ankylosing hyperostosis”, “Forestier’s disease”, “diabetes”, “insulin”, “obesity”, “metabolic”, “growth factors”, “adipokines”, “glucose tolerance” and “chondrocytes”.

Results:

We were not able to do a systematic review due to variability in methodology of studies. We found positive associations between obesity (especially abdominal obesity), Type 2 diabetes mellitus, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia and DISH.

Conclusion:

Current research indicates that certain metabolic factors associate with DISH. More precise studies deriving from these findings on these and other newly identified bone-growth factors are needed.

Keywords: Bone, diabetes, DISH, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, growth factors, insulin, metabolic, obesity..