RESEARCH ARTICLE


Impact of Ketogenic Diet on Body Composition during Resistance Training among Untrained Individuals



Maryam Hadizadeh1, *, Wee Yet Gan1, Hamidreza Mohafez2, Yasuhiro Sugajima3
1 Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
3 Department of Health and Sports Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Asahi University, Japan


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Creative Commons License
© 2020 Hadizadeh et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Tel: +603-79676986; E-mail: mary@um.edu.my


Abstract

Background:

Resistance training (RT) has been established as the most efficient approach for lean body mass maintenance required for preserving a sufficiently high metabolism during weight loss.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of the ketogenic diet (KD) and regular diet (RE) in combination with 8-week resistance exercise (RT), on body weight, body fat mass (BFM), and lean body mass (LBM) of untrained individuals.

Methods:

Twenty untrained participants were randomly assigned to the RE+RT and KD+RT as control and experimental groups, respectively. Sixty to ninety minutes of diversified resistance exercise were performed by both groups, three sessions weekly, and diet was self-administered with a recommended daily energy and protein intakes. Body composition was measured using a Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer. One-way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was applied to analyze the data.

Results:

The results showed a greater post-intervention adjusted mean for body weight and LBM in the normal dietary group in comparison with the experimental group. After controlling for baseline measurements, there was a statistically significant difference in body weight (p < .0005) and BFM (p =.001) between groups.

Conclusion:

Resistance training along with a ketogenic diet may decrease BFM without notable changes in LBM, whilst RT on a normal diet might increase LBM without remarkably influencing BFM.

Keywords: Resistance training, Lean body mass, Ketogenic diet, Weight loss, Body fat mass, Dietary carbohydrate.