Table 2: Mean ± SD (n=70) clinical pain scores and psychological variables before and after 13 weeks in the treatment and control groups. Significant differences between baseline and follow-up (*, P < 0.05), and significant differences between groups (†, P < 0.05).

Variable Treatment group (N=50) Control group (N=20) Effect size
Baseline Follow-up Baseline Follow-up
Peak intensity (NRS: 0-10)
Depression (HAD: 0-21)
Anxiety (HAD: 0-21)
Pain Catastrophizing (PCS: 0-52)
Level of mindfulness (MAAS: 15-90)
Pain Acceptance (CPAQ: 0-120)
5.9±1.3
7.7±3.8
8.7±3.6
28.0±8.6
54.0±12.4
52.6±17.2
5.9±1.9
6.0±3.4*†
7.0±3.3*
21.0±8.9*†
57.9±10.8
60.7±15.0*
6.3±1.8
7.5±4.6
10.3±4.5
33.1±9.4
57.0±14.6
46.6±17.3
6.6±2.0
8.1±5.2
9.6±5.1*
31.8±10.7
53.4±15.7
49.4±23.3*
0.00
0.56
0.36
0.53
0.54
0.51