Table 1: Sociodemographic characteristics of parents.

Mothers (N=644) Fathers (N=536)
Group [N, (%)]
ASD 351 (54.5) 288 (53.7)
DS 140 (21.7) 115 (21.5)
T1DM 153 (23.8) 133 (24.8)
Geographical Area [N, (%)]
Northern Italy 135 (21.0) 121 (22.6)
Central Italy 234 (36.3) 156 (29.1)
Southern Italy 275 (42.7) 259 (48.3)
Patients’ Age Range [N, (%)]
5-8 221 (34.3) 183 (34.1)
9-12 219 (34.0) 179 (33.4)
13-17 204 (31.7) 174 (32.5)
Age (mean ± SD) 42.5 ± 6.0 45.8 ± 6.8
Education [N, (%)]
Primary school 19 (3.0) 19 (3.5)
Junior high school 135 (21.0) 137 (25.6)
Senior high school 357 (55.4) 286 (53.4)
University degree 130 (20.2) 93 (17.4)
Marital Status [N, (%)]
Unmarried 34 (5.3) 25 (4.7)
Married 569 (88.4) 484 (90.3)
Separated or divorced 40 (6.2) 23 (4.3)
Widowed 1 (0.2) 2 (0.4)
Living Condition [N, (%)]
Lives alone 32 (5.0) 27 (5.0)
Lives with other people 608 (94.4) 506 (94.4)
Working Status [N, (%)]
Employed in paid work 381 (59.2) 492 (91.8)
Housewife 217 (33.7) 3 (0.6)
Pension 5 (0.8) 11 (2.1)
Unemployed 21 (3.3) 20 (3.7)
Other 20 (3.1) 9 (1.7)

ASD = Autism Spectrum Disorder; DS = Down’s syndrome; T1DM = Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Numbers may not sum to total due to missing data. Percentages are calculated as percentage of both available and missing data.