Table 3: Associations between guideline adherence indicators and patient criteria*.
| Dependent factors |
Independent factors** |
|
|
BMI |
Foot exam |
Eye exam |
ECG exam |
HbA1c making frequency*** |
LDL |
Serum creatinine |
Endocrinologist consultation |
| Gender |
Male |
1.0 (ref) |
| Female |
1.0 (0.6-1.6 |
1.3 (0.8-2.2) |
1.6 (1.1-2.4)* |
0.9 (0.6-1.5) |
1.4 (0.9-2.1) |
1.3 (0.7-2.2) |
1.0 (0.7-1.6) |
0.6 (0.4-1.0) |
| Patient age (years) |
<65 |
1.0 (ref) |
| ≥65 |
0.4 (0.2-0.7 |
1.1 (0.6-1.9) |
1.5 (1.1-2.4)* |
2.1 (1.3-3.5)* |
1.3 (0.8-2.1) |
0.2 (0.1-0.3)*** |
1.7 (1.1-2.7)* |
0.7 (0.4-1.1) |
| Patient location |
Urban |
1 (ref.) |
| Rural |
0.9 (0.4-1.8) |
0.3 (0.1-0.7)** |
0.5 (0.3-0.9) |
0.3 (0.2-0.5)*** |
0.5 (0.3-0.9)* |
1.2 (0.6-2.5) |
0.8 (0.5-1.5) |
1.1 (0.6-1.8) |
| Mean blood pressure per year |
<130/80 |
1 (ref) |
| ≥130/80 |
1.4 (0.6-3.2) |
1.5 (0.6-3.6) |
1.6 (0.9-3.1) |
2.8 (1.5-5.3) |
1.5 (0.8-2.9) |
1.3 (0.5-3.4) |
2.4 (1.3-4.5)** |
1.7 (0.9-3.2) |
| Mean HbA1C per year |
<7 |
1 (ref.) |
| ≥7 |
0.5 (0.3-1.0) |
2.1 (1.2-3.6)** |
0.8 (0.5-1.3) |
1.0 (0.6-1.7 |
0.5 (0.4-0.9)* |
1.3 (0.7-2.3) |
0.7 (0.5-1.2) |
2.0 (1.2-3.1)** |
| Number of diagnoses (diabetes included) |
≤2 |
1 (ref.) |
| >2 |
1.1 (0.5-2.1) |
0.9 (0.4-2.0) |
2.2 (1.3-3.8)** |
2.8 (1.6-5.1)*** |
1.3 (0.8-2.3) |
0.5 (0.3-1.1) |
2.3 (1.3-3.9)** |
1.3 (0.8-2.3) |
| Frequent FP attender (visit number per year) |
<13 |
|
| ≥13 |
0.6 (0.3-1.0) |
0.6 (0.4-1.1) |
0.7 (0.5-1.2) |
0.6 (0.4-0.9)* |
0.7 (0.4-1.1) |
1.3 (0.7-2.3) |
0.8 (0.5-1.2) |
1.2 (0.8-1.9) |
*results from separate logistic regressions.
**checks and tests were done at least once per year.
***HbA1c checks were done ≤2 times per year vs >2 times.