Table 1: Effect of BMIMCl concentration on ethanol fermentation process data and thermokinetic parameters.
| Ci (gL-1) |
0 |
0.001 |
0.01 |
0.1 |
1 |
5 |
| Cb (gL-1) |
3.85±0.12 |
3.38±0.08 |
3.11±0.10 |
3.04±0.06 |
2.90±0.09 |
2.39±0.05 |
| Cs (gL-1) |
3.4±0.2 |
3.6±0.3 |
3.7±0.4 |
3.9±0.4 |
3.8±0.3 |
6.1±0.5 |
| Cp (gL-1) |
40.3±0.7 |
39.1±0.6 |
38.2±0.8 |
37.3±0.3 |
35.9±0.7 |
25.1±0.5 |
| Yp/s
|
0.460±0.008 |
0.446±0.007 |
0.436±0.009 |
0.426±0.003 |
0.410±0.008 |
0.287±0.006 |
| E |
10.47±0.19 |
11.57±0.18 |
12.28±0.27 |
12.27±0.10 |
12.37±0.24 |
10.50±0.21 |
| µm (h-1) |
0.226±0.012 |
0.216±0.008 |
0.193±0.006 |
0.190±0.005 |
0.186±0.007 |
0.105±0.006 |
| Tm (min) |
766±16 |
773±12 |
765±18 |
766±9 |
763±14 |
762±17 |
| Pm (mW) |
5.02±0.12 |
4.32±0.08 |
3.94±0.05 |
3.91±0.07 |
4.37±0.03 |
4.38±0.06 |
| Cbm (gL-1) |
2.41±0.08 |
2.05±0.07 |
1.72±0.03 |
1.61±0.06 |
1.50±0.06 |
0.62±0.04 |
| Cpm (gL-1) |
12.5±0.5 |
11.1±0.3 |
10.3±0.6 |
9.4±0.4 |
8.6±0.7 |
6.4±0.2 |
| pm (mWlg-1) |
2.08±0.05 |
2.11±0.04 |
2.29±0.03 |
2.43±0.04 |
2.91±0.02 |
7.06±0.10 |
| K (h-1) |
0.233±0.015 |
0.207±0.009 |
0.180±0.010 |
0.185±0.006 |
0.196±0.008 |
0.201±0.012 |
| Qtotal (J) |
199.5±4.8 |
200.4±3.6 |
208.9±2.7 |
228.0±4.3 |
235.4±5.6 |
234.8±7.2 |
| Qlog (J) |
72.1±1.5 |
65.1±0.9 |
67.4±1.2 |
68.2±0.8 |
72.4±2.3 |
69.0±1.6 |
| HY (Jlg-1) |
8.15±0.09 |
10.03±0.91 |
14.99±0.84 |
20.78±2.92 |
26.87±2.57 |
54.71±0.37 |
| HE (Jlg-1) |
4.18±0.16 |
4.18±0.16 |
4.18±0.16 |
4.18±0.16 |
4.18±0.16 |
4.18±0.16 |
| H (Jg-1) |
990±24 |
1025±18 |
1094±14 |
1223±23 |
1311±31 |
1871±57 |
Ci represents the BMIMCl concentration (gL-1), Cb represents the final yeast concentration (gL-1), Cs represents the final fermentable sugars concentration (gL-1), Cp represents the final ethanol concentration (gL-1), E represents the average specific ethanol productivity of yeast, Yp/s represents the ethanol yield from the fermentable sugars, µm represents the yeast specific growth rate (h-1), Tm represents the time of the maximum producing heat power (min), Pm represents the maximum producing heat power (mW), Cbm represents the yeast concentration of the maximum producing heat power (gL-1), Cpm represents the ethanol concentration of the maximum producing heat power (gL-1), pm represents the maximum specific producing heat power (mWlg-1), K represents the producing heat power constant (h-1), Qtotal represents the total heat output (J), Qlog represents the heat output for log phase (J), HY represents the heat output for yeast concentration increasing 1 gL-1 (Jlg-1), HE represents the heat output for ethanol concentration increasing 1 gL-1 (Jlg-1), H represents the total heat output for producing 1 g ethanol (Jg-1).