Table 1: The characteristic parameters for Concrete and steel models

Concrete model Steel Model
Modulus of elasticity (Ec) Mean compressive strength (fC) Mean tensile strength (ft) Modulus of elasticity (ES) Yield strength (fy) Strain hardening parameter (μ)
21.4GPa 20.8MPa 2 MPa 200GPa 360MPa 0.00677