Table 1: Composition and properties of cement, micro-silica and nanosilica.

          Cement           Micro-silica           Nano-silica
          Silicon dioxide (SiO2): %           20·7           90·65           99.8
          Calcium oxide (CaO): %           61·89           1·22           -
          Aluminium oxide (Al2O3): %           4·61           0·02           -
          Ferric oxide (Fe2O3): %           3·35           0·01           -
          Sulfur trioxide (SO3): %           2·4           0·24           -
          Magnesium oxide (MgO): %           3·05           0·01           -
          Loss on ignition: %           2·16           2·86           ≤ 1
          Lime saturation factor: %           0·87           0·48           -
          Specific gravity           3·1           2·3           -
          Colour           Grey           Grey           White