Fig. (1) Modified course of the lower-positioned transverse ligament (LPTL) (top: superior; left: medial). Reprinted with permission of the Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology (Kakizaki H, et al. Posterior aspect of the orbital septum is reinforced by ligaments. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2005; 49: 477-80). The LPTL originates from the trochlea and runs in an inferolateral direction. The LPTL passes over the junction between the orbital septum and levator aponeurosis, attaches onto the posterior aspect of the orbital septum, and runs towards the lateral orbital rim. The LPTL was harvested in the part that the arrow indicates. Tr, trochlea; Jun, junction of the orbital septum and the levator aponeurosis; LA, levator aponeurosis; LG, lacrimal gland; MTL, medial horn tensing ligament; OS, orbital septum; Lig, ligaments on the posterior aspect of the orbital septum; PO, periosteum.