Study | SH I | SH II | SH III | SH IV | SH V | Type VI | Males | Females | Total no. of Patients | Aetiology of Injuries | Age Range | Avg. Age at Injury |
F/u Range (avg. f/u) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arkader A., Warner W., Horn, D., Shaw R., Wells L., 2007(21) | 18 | 43 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 67a | 16a | 73 | MVA including pedestrian vs. motor vehicle Sports related (most common American Football) |
0.41 to 17 years | 10 years | 1.5 to 7 years (2 years) |
Buess-Watson E., Exner G., Illo O., 1994(48) | 1 | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28b | 15b | 14 | High energy trauma at winter-sports Bicycle Athletics/pedestrian/fall |
6.25 to 14.75 years | 11.75 years | - (13 years) |
Caterini R., Farsetti P., d’Arrigo C., Ippolito E., 1991(49) | 1 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 2/7 obstetric injuries, otherwise not mentioned | Birth to 14.5 years | 8.77 years | 12.08 to 36.67 years (22.69 years) |
Edmunds I., Nade S., 1993(15) | 0 | 16 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 23a | 10a | 23 | Motor vehicle vs. pedestrian or cyclist Fall Motorcycle accident Motor vehicle accident Sporting accident |
4 to18 years | 12 years | ‘1 year minimum’ (4.8 years) |
Eid A., Hafez M., 2002 (16) | 39 | 65 | 19 | 22 | 6 | 0 | 129 | 22 | 151 | Sports-related activities Road traffic accidents Various falls |
0.83 to 16 years | 12.3 years | 2 to 19 years (not provided) |
Garrett B., Hoffman E., Carrara H., 2011(29) | 4 | 46 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 40 | Motor vehicle accident, including those involving a pedestrian or cyclist Crush injuries Falls Sports-related |
- | 10 years (median) | 2 years until skeletal maturity (not provided) |
Graham J., Gross R., 1990(17) | 2 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 1 | 10 | (American) Football Other sports Auto-pedestrian accident |
Nil provided | 13 years | - (not provided) |
Havranek P., Pesl T., 2010(36) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 21b | 15b | 8 | All Type VI bony injuries of body: Athletic sports, Soccer, Gymnastics Stumbling/ fall from height Traffic injuries Gunshot wounds |
4 to16 years | 11.6 years (median) | 2 to 4 years (not provided) |
Ilharreborde B., Raquillet C., Morel E., Fitoussi F., Bensahel H., Penneçot G., Mazda K., 2006(50) | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 4 | 20 | MVA versus pedestrian or cyclist Sports related (ski, soccer, judo) Fall |
8 to 15 years | 11 years | 0.25 to 11 years (4.08 years) |
Kritsaneepaiboon S., Shah R., Murray M., Kleinman P., 2009(51) | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 6 | Hyper-extension injury Direct injury to the knee |
8 to 16 years | 12.5 years | 0.15 to 1.5 years (not provided) |
Krueger-Franke M., Siebert C., Pfoerringer W., 1992(52) | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 60b | 25b | 10 | Soccer Skiing Gymnastics Other |
4 to 17 years | 12.3 years (male), 12.9 years (female) | ‘Conclusion of growth’ (not specifically provided) |
Lippert W., Owens R., Wall E., 2010(53) | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 14 | Fall/ fall down stairs/ from bicycle Tombstone fell on leg (American) football |
7.67 to 17.92 years | 13.87 years | 0.167 to 3.92 years (1.79 years) |
Partio E., Tuompo P., HIrvensalo E., Böstman O., Rokkanen P., 1997(54) | 0 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 1 * | 0 | 8 | 1 | 9 | Motorbike accidents Ice hockey Fall whilst horse riding/ from bicycle |
13.42 to 16.58 years | 15.5 years | 1 to 2.83 years (1.79 years) |
Plánka L., Skvaril J., Stary D., Jochymek J., Gál P., 2008 (28) (55) | 3 | 26 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 15 | 31 | ‘Mainly sports and traffic accidents’ | 2 to 16 years | 11.9 years | 0.25 years only |
Thomson J., Stricker S., Williams M., 1995(19) | 0 | 24 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 7 | 29 (30 injuries) | Nil recorded | 0.5 to 15 years | 10.9 years | 1 to 8 years (3.80 years) |
Study | Particular SH Class | Reduced or Particular Position of Fracture Displacement | Lower Energy Injury Mechanism | Patient Age at Time of Injury |
---|---|---|---|---|
Arkader A., Warner W., Horn, D., Shaw R., Wells L., 2007 (21) | Y | Ya | N | N |
Buess-Watson E., Exner G., Illo O., 1994(48) | N | - | - | N |
Caterini R., Farsetti P., d’Arrigo C., Ippolito E., 1991(49) | Y | N | - | - |
Edmunds I., Nade S., 1993(15) | Y | - | - | - |
Eid A., Hafez M., 2002 (16) | Nb | - | - | Y |
Garrett B., Hoffman E., Carrara H., 2011(29) | Y | N | Y | T |
Graham J., Gross R., 1990(17) | - | - | - | - |
Havranek P., Pesl T., 2010(36) | - | - | - | - |
Ilharreborde B., Raquillet C., Morel E., Fitoussi F., Bensahel H., Penneçot G., Mazda K., 2006(50) | - | Y | - | - |
Kritsaneepaiboon S., Shah R., Murray M., Kleinman P., 2009(51) | - | - | - | - |
Krueger-Franke M., Siebert C., Pfoerringer W., 1992(52) | Y | - | - | - |
Lippert W., Owens R., Wall E., 2010(53) | - | - | - | - |
Partio E., Tuompo P., HIrvensalo E., Böstman O., Rokkanen P., 1997(54) | - | - | - | - |
Plánka L., Skvaril J., Stary D., Jochymek J., Gál P., 2008 (28) | - | - | - | - |
Thomson J., Stricker S., Williams M., 1995(19) | N | Y | - | N |