Infection(s) Ever Prior to Diagnosis | Scleroderma % (N) | Controls % (N) | p-value | OR Scl vs. controls | 95 % CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bacterial infections | 68 (59) | 78 (177) | 0.1 | 0.59 | (0.31,1.14) |
Hepatitis A | 1.6 (62) | 3 (186) | 0.6 | 0.59 | (0.07,5.18) |
Hepatitis B | 1.6 (62) | 0 (186) | 0.08 | - | - |
Hepatitis C | 1.6 (62) | 2 (186) | 0.8 | 0.74 | (0.08,6.80) |
Herpes zoster | 12 (60) | 8 (192) | 0.4 | 1.45 | (0.57,3.72) |
Parvovirus | 1.6 (62) | 0 (186) | 0.2 | - | - |
Rheumatic fever | 8 (62) | 7 (186) | 0.8 | 1.17 | (0.40,3.40) |
Rubella | 51 (49) | 58 (144) | 0.5 | 0.76 | (0.40,1.47) |
Tuberculosis skin test | 8 (64) | 13 (188) | 0.2 | 0.55 | (0.20,1.51) |
Vaccinations | 49 (59) | 50 (189) | 0.9 | 0.95 | (0.53,1.72) |
Trauma prior | 19 (64) | 44 (195) | 0.0003 | 0.30 | (0.15,1.59) |
Infections 1-Year Prior to Diagnosis | Scleroderma % (N) | Controls % (N) | p-value | OR Scl vs. controls | 95% CI |
Any infection | 16 (51) | 35 (163) | 0.006 | 0.34 | (0.15,0.78) |
Streptococcal throat infection | 8 (53) | 13 (157) | 0.3 | 0.53 | (0.17,1.62) |
Antibiotic use | 34 (35) | 50 (111) | 0.09 | 0.51 | (0.23,1.13) |