Table 3: Prevalence of Clinical Manifestations and Laboratory Features in Drug-Induced Lupus Compared with Idiopathic SLEa

Feature Anti-TNF-Related Lupus (%) Procainamide-Related Lupus (%) Idiopathic SLE (%)
ANA 79 >95 99
Anti-dsDNA 72 <5 90
Rash/cutaneous involvement 67 <5 54-70
Arthritis 31 20 83
Fever/general symptoms 23 45 42
Hypocomplementemia 17 <5 48
Leukopenia 14 15 66
Serositis 12 50 28
Anticardiolipin antibodies 11 5-20 15
Glomerulonephritis 7 <5 34
Thrombocytopenia 6 <5 31
Neuropsychiatric 3 <5 12
Anti-histone antibodies Not reported >95 50-60

Abbreviations: ANA, antinuclear antibodies; dsDNA, double-stranded DNA; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.
a Adapted from Ramos-Casals et al. [5].