Table 1: Summary of Epidemiological Studies on Sleep Deprivation and Diabetes Mellitus

First Author	Year	Sample	Study Duration	Comments
Chaput et al. [135]	2007	740	3 years	Sleeping < 6 hours led to impaired glucose tolerance.
Mallonet al. [136]	2005	2663	12 years	Difficulties maintaining sleep or short sleep duration are associated with increased incidence of diabetes in men.
Nilsson et al. [137]	2004	6599	14.8 ± 2.4 years	Sleep disturbances increased risk of diabetes.
Tuomilehto et al. [138]	2008	2800	2 years	Short (≤6 hours) or long ≥8h) sleep duration increased risk of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged women but not in men.
Meisinger et al. [139]	2005	8300	11 years	Difficulty maintaining sleep was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in men and women.
Hayashino et al.[140]	2007	6509	6 years	Difficulty initiating sleep was associated with higher risks of diabetes in relatively healthy adults.
Kawakami et al. [141]	2004	2649	8 years	Sleep disturbances associated with 2-3 higher risk of diabetes.
Choi et al. [142]	2008	4222	1 year	Both short and long sleep durations was related to increased risk of the metabolic syndrome.
Gangwisch et al. [143]	2007	8992	10 years	Short sleep duration could be a significant risk factor for diabetes.
Xu et al. [145]	2010	10143	10 years	Day napping and short night sleeping was associated with diabetes.
Rafalson et al. [146]	2010	1455	6 years	Short sleep duration was associated with elevated risk of impaired fasting glucose, mediated via insulin resistance.
Yaggi et al. [147]	2006	1709	18 years	Short and long sleep durations increase risk of diabetes.
Hall et al. [148]	2008	1214	cross-sectional study	Sleep duration is a significant correlate of the metabolic syndrome.
Facco et al. [163]	2010	189	During Pregnancy	Short sleep duration was associated with glucose intolerance in pregnancy.
Qui et al. [153]	2010	1290	During Pregnancy	The results suggest an association of short sleep duration with glucose intolerance and gestational diabetes.