Table 2.: Demographics, Clinical Outcomes and Nasal Wash Nitrate Compared Between Subjects with ILI Infected with Single Virus, Co-Viruses and those with No Virus Detected, at the TCH ED During the 2009 nH1N1 Pandemic

Single Virus Infection n=47 (%) Co-Virus Infection n=13 (%) No Virus Detected n=28 (%)
Age in Months: Median (IQR) 14 (6-47) 12 (4-25) 33 (11-84)
Gender
  Male 20 (43%) 5 (38%) 14 (50%)
  Female 27 (57%) 8 (62%) 14 (50%)
Ethnicity/Race
  Hispanic 35 (75%) 10 (77%) 15 (54%)
  Non-Hispanic 12 (25%) 3 (23%) 13 (46%)
  Black 2 0 0
  White 5 2 8
  Asian 5 1 5
Clinical Outcomes
  Hospitalized 8 (17%) 4 (31%) 4 (14%)
  Hours in ED: Median (IQR)+ 3.5 (2.3-5.5) 3.3 (2.3-4.0) 4.1 (1.9-5.1)
  Supplemental Oxygen 3 (6%) 1 (8%) 2 (7%)
  Hours of Oxygen: Median (IQR) NA NA NA
  Intravenous Fluids (IVF) 7 (15%) 2 (15%) 5 (18%)
  Hours of IVF: Median (IQR) 33 (18-70) NA 9 (3-18)
  Healthcare visit after discharge 11 (4%) 0 (0%) 7 (26%)
Nasal Wash Nitrate
  Median (IQR) Nitrate* 3.5 (0.0-11.3) 5.3 (2.9-12.4) 1.6 (0.0-4.9)
  Undetectable 14 (30%) 2 (15%) 10 (36%)
  Missing 1 (2%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
  Nitrate Detectable 32 (68%) 11 (85%) 18 (64%)
    Median (IQR) Nitrate** 8.2 (3.0-13.2) 6.8 (3.5-15.9) 4.3 (1.7-5.6)
Nasal Wash IgA Detected 37 (79%) 13 (100%) 11 (39%)

+ For patients discharged home from the ED.
* For all samples (p=0.079 by Kruskal-Wallis Test).
** For samples with detectable nitrate (p=0.070 by Kruskal-Wallis Test).