Body Mass Index, Gender, and Ethnic Variations Alter the Clinical Implications of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale in Patients with Suspected Obstructive Sleep Apnea§

Table 2.: Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Participants by Ethnicity

Group	Caucasian	Hispanic	Other	P-Value
Number	998	856	46
Age, years (± s.d.)	56 ± 14	52 ± 14	52 ± 16	<0.0001
Height, cm (± s.d.)	173 ± 10	166 ± 11	174 ± 11	<0.0001
Weight, kg (± s.d.)	68 ± 17	69 ± 18	75 ± 22	ns
Body mass index, kg/m² (± s.d.)	34 ± 8	37 ± 9	37 ± 11	<0.0001
Neck circumference, cm (± s.d.)	16 ± 3	17 ± 3	17 ± 2	ns
Male, no. (%)^†	593 (60%)	471 (55%)	28 (61%)	ns
TST, minutes (± s.d.)	340 ± 78	348 ± 79	346 ± 66	ns
Sleep efficiency, % (± s.d.)	77 ± 16	79 ± 17	78 ± 13	0.015
RDI, events/hour (± s.d.)	27 ± 27	36 ± 31	30 ± 30	<0.0001
Lowest SaO₂, % (± s.d.)	80 ± 10	77 ± 12	77 ± 15	0.0001

^* s.d. = standard deviation; cm = centimeters; kg = kilograms; m = meters; no. = number; ESS = Epworth Sleepiness Scale score; AHI = apnea-hypopnea index; SaO₂ = oxyhemoglobin percentage; ns = not significant.

^† Gender was not reported by 3 participants (all Caucasian).