Box 1: Labour contribution.

“When contributing by labor and cash, the people often want to prioritize the alley and inter-village roads because it is practical to them. Therefore, in this case, there is labor surplus, while for other types of roads there is a shortage of people to work. So the community often encourage, sometimes transfer people between the workplace flexibly.”
As for changing the form of contribution instead of contributing cash, it is quite common because some households have limited economic resources ... so we would sympathise.... For example, Ms. Doan's house, belonging to the poor household of the commune, ...
* Source: Interview with Mr. Do Xuan Dai Hamlet 2, An Vien Commune, Trang Bom, ĐNai, May 17, 2018