Table 2: Effect of Time of Leaf Extract Addition on Herpes Viruses Infection

PFU (% of Control) Virus (0.1 m.o.i.) Leaf Extract
During Infection and After Infection Only After Infection Only During Infection Only Before Infection
90.2±2.45 99.4±3.22 97.3±2.67 100.1±1.36 HSV-1 C. fragrans (aquatic extract)
92.0±1.65 99.6±2.78 98.0±3.07 99. 6±2.24 HSV-2
1.0±0.32 16.52±0.87 1.4±0.75 98.7±2.87 VZV
20.0±0.8 65.22±3.14 .9±1.2 27 100±1.39 HSV-1 C. fragrans (ethanol extract)
12. 6±3.12 59.25±2.56 23.5±2.25 101.1±2.14 HSV-2
76.3±4.53 98.25±1.94 84.2±2.89 100.2±1.52 VZV
3.4±0.98 42.85±2.5 11.4±3.2 3.6±2.15 HSV-1 S. chinensis (aquatic extract)
2.1±0.65 38.25±2.14 9. 6±2.07 94.1±1.89 HSV-2
7.2±1.98 48.56±4.02 16.3±1.58 95.3±3.08 VZV

Vero cell monolayers were treated with 100 µg/ml of the C. fragrans extracts and 50 µg/ml of the S. chinensis aquatic extract before, at or after infection with 0.1m.o.i. of HSV-1, HSV-2 or VZV. Antiviral activity was evaluated by plaque assay. Values are presented as means ± SD (n=5).