Table 1.: The Heparan Sulfate D-Glucosaminyl 3-O-Sulfotransferases (3-OSTs): Tissue Distribution and Functions

Isoforms Sulfated Residue Upstream Uronic acid Tissue Distribution Known Function(s)
3-OST-1 GlcNS GlcUA Heart, brain, lung, kidney AT binding
3-OST-2 GlcNS IdoUA 2S/GlcA 2S Brain HSV-1 entry
3-OST-3A GlcNS IdoUA 2S Heart, placenta, lung, liver, kidney HSV-1 entry
3-OST-3B GlcNS IdoUA 2S Heart, brain, placenta, liver, kidney, pancreas HSV-1 entry
3-OST-4 Unknown Unknown Brain HSV-1 entry
3-OST-5 GlcNS IdoUA 2S/GlcUA Skeletal muscle, fetal brain HSV-1 entry, AT binding
3-OST-6 GlcNS IdoUA 2S Kidney, liver HSV-1 entry

Abbreviations: GlcNS: N-acetlyglucosamine; GlcUA: Glucornic acid; IdoUA: Iduronic acid; AT: antithrombin.